{"id":671050,"date":"2022-06-20T15:50:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-20T12:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tourism.com.de\/?p=671050"},"modified":"2024-04-21T03:18:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-21T00:18:33","slug":"35-main-sights-of-krakow-photo-and-description-map","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tourism.com.de\/en\/35-main-sights-of-krakow-photo-and-description-map\/","title":{"rendered":"35 main sights of Krakow – photo and description, map"},"content":{"rendered":"

Krakow, according to one of the legends<\/a>, is named after the prince of Krak, who founded this city<\/a> in the 10th century. At the beginning of the 11th century, a small city<\/a>, having received the status of the capital of the state, began to rapidly develop and expand, turning into the main reside<\/a>nce of the Polish kings. During its existence, Krakow has experienced major political and military uprisings more than once, but has managed to retain its “face” of a cultural and scientific center<\/a>. It has many ancient monuments, cathedrals, which are real works of architecture of different directions.<\/p>\n

Mary's Church (Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary)<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

This extraordinarily beautiful building is located on the Market Square, serving as its main architectural decoration, which embodied three styles: magnificent Baroque, graceful Renaissance and strict Gothic. Otherwise, it is called the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The central facade of the church overlooks the square with two quadrangular towers of different heights, crowned with short turrets on the upper platform and a long spire in the center<\/a>. A high (82 m) square-shaped tower, rising up, turns into an octagon due to 8 short turrets, which point upwards the openwork of thin graceful spiers. The second, lower tower serves as the bell tower of the cathedral<\/a>. It houses a Renaissance-style chapel, outside the window of which there is a bell ringing for the dead. Its top in the corners is crowned with 5 domes: 4 small in the corners and one large in the center,<\/p>\n

Book a private transfer from the airport to your hotel for 1 971 RUB<\/a><\/p>\n

The interiors dazzle with their luxurious beauty and rich pomp of decoration of the altar and vaults. The Gothic car<\/a>ved wooden altar is unique among others of its kind in the size of its gates, decorated with huge figures of saints. The entire altar is painted with scenes from the Holy Scriptures, decorated with rich sparkling gilding, and has a chapel depicting the genealogical tree of Christ.<\/p>\n

Wawel Castle<\/a><\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The ancient castle<\/a> in Wawel for the Poles in importance can be compared with the importance of the Moscow Kremlin for the Russians. For many years Wawel was the political and administrative center of the state, until the capital was moved to Warsaw. The Royal Castle, the cathedral, a number of defensive fortifications located on the banks of the Vistula are part of the Wawel castle complex. Now it is essentially a museum where excursions<\/a> are organized for those who want to get acquainted with the historical past of Poland.<\/p>\n

At the entrance to the castle, everyone is greeted by a sculptural monument of Tadeusz Kosciuszka, depicted sitting on a mighty horse. Everyone enters the main royal court through the Armorial Gate, to the right of which is the Cathedral with mammoth bones hanging over the door – a symbol of prosperity; on the left is the Cathedral Museum. On the territory of the courtyard there are thematic exhibitions introducing the royal rooms, luxurious chambers, the art of the East; here is the treasure vault, the Armory. Through the main courtyard you can go to the Dragon Cave.<\/p>\n

Polish rulers were crowned in the Cathedral and buried here. The current building, built in the 14th century, is a striking example of the Gothic style with characteristic pointed spiers, square columns and an abundance of long windows. There are chapels in which the remains of the kings of Sigismund are buried, there is a rotunda of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Wawel Castle is a whole city that embodies the history<\/a> of the Middle Ages of the Polish state.<\/p>\n

Bishops' Palace<\/a><\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

This strictly majestic, light yellow building is connected by its history<\/a> with the life of one of the most noble and kind-hearted Roman popes – John Paul II (Karol Wojtyla), who settled in it back in 1944, being a student at the seminary at the Krakow Archdiocese. He left it with the rank of archbishop in 1978, when he was elected pope. The Poles revere this palace as a memory of their wonderful countryman: after his death, for more than a month, the square in front of the palace was filled with flowers, candles and people praying.<\/p>\n

The entrance to the palace is extraordinarily beautiful, where, surrounded by picturesque shrubs and flowers, there is a monument to John Paul II with blessing hands raised to the flock. Above the front door is a symbolic window, from which the pontiff greeted the youth who came to meet him. Now inside the palace there is a museum of the heritage of the pope, whose expositions represent collections of gifts<\/a> presented to him by heads of state from all over the world<\/a>; objects of ancient painting and sculpture. The Palace of Bishops is never empty during the day, there are always people who come to pay tribute to the memory of a wonderful person and religious figure with a pure and kind soul.<\/p>\n

Market Square<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Would you like to see<\/a> the place where Polish trade originated? Then hurry to the market square. This is a huge territory, which in the 13th century was set aside for business<\/a> negotiations and trade. It is believed that the square is included in the list<\/a> of the largest markets in Europe. In addition to the opportunity to plunge into the local traditions<\/a> and learn interest<\/a>ing facts from the history<\/a> of the city, tour<\/a>ists can also see famous sights<\/a>, including the Town Hall tower, the Church of St. Wojciech, a monument to local celebrity A. Mickiewicz and some others.<\/p>\n

The buildings surrounding the market deserve the closest attention. Many of them were created during the Renaissance and the Renaissance, they are distinguished by strict forms and are a real decoration of the square. At the end of the walk, do not deny yourself the pleasure of buying souvenirs<\/a> sold here. Entrance to the square is free, it works around the clock. It is better to visit during the daytime, when local attractions<\/a> are open. The market is located<\/a> at Stare Miasto, Rynek Glowny. You can get there<\/a> by trams and bus<\/a>es, as well as on foot.<\/p>\n

Market Dungeons<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Under the Market Square there is a local history<\/a> museum. This unique institution reflects the history of the medieval city. The exhibition was opened in 2010 after six years of archaeological excavations. As a result of the resea<\/a>rch, ancient fragments of houses, structures, monuments, sidewalks and the market were found. The museum, located at a depth of four meters, is an amazing labyrinth of a medieval street. Here you can see ancient walls, coins, vases, shopping<\/a> carts. Among the exhibits there are multimedia displays equipped with touch screens with holograms. Modern technical equipment recreates the atmosphere of an archaic settlement.<\/p>\n

Kazimierz<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Surprisingly, Kazimierz is a city within a city. This is the part historically occupied by representatives of the Jewish community. Therefore, one should not be surprise<\/a>d that Jewish synagogues in this part of the former capital of Poland prevail over Catholic churches. All lovers of Jewish history should definitely visit this place, which is overflowing with Jewish cemeteries, Jewish cultural sites and religious sites. By the way, this place was chosen by the authors of the film about the Holocaust “Schindler's List<\/a>” as a film set.<\/p>\n

If you find yourself in Kazimierz, we advise you to pay special attention to the two main attractions<\/a> of the center of Jewish culture – the church named after St. Katarina and the Cathedral of the Body of the Lord. The first will enchant with the sound of a huge organ, which cannot be compared with any musical instrument. Well, in the second temple, tour<\/a>ists will have the opportunity to personally see the famous painting “Adoration of the Magi”. You can find the Jewish quarter at Szeroka 24. As you understand, the entrance to the center of Jewish culture is free. You can get to the sights<\/a> by trams that run along Starovishlna Street.<\/p>\n

Aquapark<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Do you love the dizzying rides of water park<\/a>s and their amazing atmosphere? Then we invite you to visit one of the largest and most famous complexes in Eastern Europe<\/a>! Guests can enjoy riding huge water slides, swimming in clean water pools, relax<\/a>ing in the jacuzzi and just having fun with friends or family. The main pride of the water park<\/a> is a 202-meter slide, which will give visitors a three-minute descent along dizzying turns with a fall into a pool of warm water. There are simply no analogues to this attraction in Europe. All attractions<\/a> are divided into four groups and differ in colors.<\/p>\n

Some will provide indescribable emotions with a downhill ride, others will add adrenaline to the blood with the help of various effects, and still others will suit young vacationers. Of course, such an attraction cannot go unnoticed. Therefore, it is always crowded here: along with tourists<\/a>, Poles ride on the slides, who come to the water park from all over the country. The amusement park<\/a> is open all year round. Tourists can buy a pass for the whole day, which will cost about 15 euros. Children<\/a> under 3 years old are admitted free of charge. You can find the water park at Dobrego Pasterza, 126. You can get there by bus, getting off at the Park Wodny stop.<\/p>\n

Planty Park<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

But for those who are tired of the bustle of the city and visiting the sights<\/a>, the best place<\/a> to take a break will be the park ring – Planty. Poles like to spend their free time here. Young people hide in dense green thickets in search of solitude and romance, older people breathe free air or play chess, and tourists<\/a> enjoy taking pictures against the backdrop of magnificent plants. But even here you will not be able to hide from the sights<\/a> that are found at every turn. Here you can find amazing sculptures, monuments, historical and cultural buildings, and even an archeology museum.<\/p>\n

By the way, in his collection there are many exhibits of the history of Ancient Egypt<\/a>, the Middle Ages. To find Planty, it is enough to be in the Old Town area<\/a>. This park ring surrounds its entire territory. According to historical information, this place was previously occupied by huge stone walls, which were designed to protect residents from uprisings and warriors. Entrance to the park is free, but for visiting certain attractions<\/a> on its territory, you will have to pay a small amount. You can visit the park at any time of the day (although until recently tourists were forbidden to be here in the evening).<\/p>\n

Florian's Gate and the Barbican<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

It is recommended to visit these two attractions<\/a> as part of one tour. The Florian Gate is located in the city's fortification wall and was built in 1307. They owe their name to the patron saint of Krakow. The peculiarity of the gate is that the chapel of the Mother of God is located in them, and the coat of arms with an eagle and a relief depicting St. Florian are used as decorations.<\/p>\n

The Barbican is also located here, which is a fortification in the form of a massive tower. There is a historical museum here and on certain days real knightly competitions are held. You can find attractions at ul. Basztowa, 30-547. They work daily from 10.30 to 18.00. You can get there by trams or buses, the route<\/a> of which runs through this area. The ticket price for adult visitors is PLN 7, and for beneficiaries and children<\/a> – PLN 2 cheaper.<\/p>\n

Cathedral of Saints Stanislaus and Wenceslas<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The Cathedral of Saints Stanislaus and Wenceslas is one of the most revered churches in Poland. The basilica rises on the Wawel Hill among a monumental and luxurious architectural ensemble. The residence of the kings of the Commonwealth was located here, so the cathedral occupies a sacred place in Polish history. From time immemorial, the basilica was intended for the solemn coronation of monarchs, holding divine services, and also served as the burial place of rulers, bishops, politicians and generals.<\/p>\n

The cathedral was erected at the turn of the 11th-12th centuries. Initially, the church building was a small Romanesque basilica made of white limestone. In the XIV century, the temple<\/a> was rebuilt, thereby expanding the cathedral with three naves, chapels and towers. Numerous reconstructions of the church have significantly changed its appearance. Today, the cathedral reflects an amazing conglomeration of different architectural styles, from Romanesque to Art Nouveau.<\/p>\n

Along the perimeter of the quadrangular brick basilica with elongated window openings, there are chapels, treasuries and a church.<\/p>\n

The facade is majestically decorated with three towers, a triangular pediment, relief ornaments and sculptures of Saints Stanislaus and Wenceslas. On the north<\/a> side of the temple rises the tower of Sigismund. It has a massive cathedral bell weighing 11 tons. In the halls of the cathedral, separated by high arched openings, there are luxuriously decorated altars and royal stone, marble sarcophagi.<\/p>\n

Here lie the relics of the patron saint of Poland – Bishop Stanislav. His remains are preserved in a silver tomb, which is a masterpiece of jewelry art. The sarcophagus is decorated with twelve relief images of scenes from the life of the saint. The main altar of the cathedral, erected in 1650, is a large picture of the crucified Jesus on the cross. The panel is framed by a gilded arch, pilasters and a pediment in the center.<\/p>\n

town hall tower<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The central square is dominated by a gothic structure made of red brick and creamy stone. This is the tower of the town hall, which was erected at the beginning of the XIV century. The structure was part<\/a> of a municipal building, demolished due to dilapidation in the 19th century. The strict facade of the tower, which is 70 meters high, is decorated with lancet and square windows, mechanical clocks, and is also framed by protruding vertical ribs. Throughout its history, the building has undergone several reconstructions after fires caused by lightning strikes. The tower is crowned with a baroque dome mounted on a polyhedron with arched window openings. A raging strong wind in 1703 deflected the structure by 55 centimeters to the side.<\/p>\n

The narrow and spiral staircase of the tower leads to the observation deck, which offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the city. Inside the building are museum exhibits relating to the history of the municipality. Noteworthy are the basements of the tower, which were originally intended to store beer and wine. Later there were dungeons with torture chambers. To date, the dungeon of the building attracts visitors with aromatic coffee prepared in a cafe.<\/p>\n

Collegium Maius<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

More than 100 thousa<\/a>nd students live in the city. Most of them study at the Jagiellonian University, which is considered one of the oldest in Europe. The illustrious graduate of the college is the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. The main historical building of the institution is called Collegium Maius (Great College).<\/p>\n

The three-storey Gothic building with two stepped gables, a small octagonal ledge and rectangular windows was built of red brick in the 15th century. The walls of the college form a quadrangular courtyard surrounded by an arched gallery with a vaulted ceiling and massive white stone columns. There is a well in the center of the courtyard.<\/p>\n

The beginning of the 20th century was marked by the transformation of the Collegium Maius into a museum. Here you can visit the private chambers of professors, lecture and ceremonial halls, a dining room. The premises exhibit original wooden furniture, unique<\/a> scientific instruments, astronomical instruments, and a collection of globes. On the walls of the great hall of the university are painted portraits of professors who taught for 600 years.<\/p>\n

Ghetto Heroes Square<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Among the numerous sights, there is one place that reflects the sad events in Polish history. This is the Ghetto Heroes Square. The memorial cast-iron and bronze chairs standing on the paving stones stand out especially here. They symbolize the tragedy of the Jews of Krakow, imprisoned in the ghetto by the German occupiers during World War II. The Ghetto Heroes Square is located on the spot where in 1941 the Nazis drove all the Jews of the city behind the fence. More than 20,000 people lived in this territory with their belongings and furniture in inhuman conditions. From here, the inhabitants of the ghetto were transport<\/a>ed to Auschwitz.<\/p>\n

Modern Art Museum<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

In 2004, the municipality bought the building of the former Schindler factory to create a museum of contemporary art in it. A few years after the reconstruction, the pavilions of the plant were transformed into an avant-garde building with a glass facade and gabled roofs.<\/p>\n

Divided into several thematic areas. The spacious halls present interest<\/a>ing works that personify the current problems of society. These are expositions of conceptual art, collections of paintings by contemporary artists, sculptural compositions, photo<\/a>graphs and performances with audiovisual accompaniment. Several cinema halls show short films<\/a> that make visitors think about being.<\/p>\n

Museum of Polish Aviation<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

On the territory of one of the oldest military airfields in Europe, in the suburbs of Krakow, there is a museum of Polish aviation. Real airplane<\/a>s, helicopters, gliders and engines are presented here. There are more than 200 units of aviation equipment of different eras, both civil and military. The models are housed in four wings of a building built in the form of a rotating propeller, as well as on the former airport runway. The premises have a cinema hall, a library, a flight simulator that imitates the cockpit, information stands and interactive displays. Particularly impressive is the alley where the Soviet MiG fighters stand.<\/p>\n

Juliusz Slowacki Theater<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The square of the Holy Spirit is dominated by a majestic palace built in 1893. This is one of the most famous theaters in Europe, named after the outstanding Polish poet and playwright Juliusz Slowacki. The building is considered a masterpiece of eclectic architecture, embodying a layering of different styles. The sand facade of the building is decorated with numerous bas-reliefs, a portico with pilasters, balustrades, sculptures, massive arched windows and cornices.<\/p>\n

The building is crowned with baroque domes. Architectural decorations give the building sophistication and pomposity. The interior of the palace is no less impressive than the exterior. The halls are painted with frescoes by Austria<\/a>n artists. The theater has four stages where modern and classical dramas, operas, musicals, and comedies are staged.<\/p>\n

Church of Saints Peter and Paul<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul, consecrated in 1635, is the first baroque church in Poland. The church, built of dolomite and brick, is surrounded by a forged fence, in front of which 12 statue<\/a>s of the apostles rise on pedestals. The three-tier facade of the temple is decorated with pilasters with ornate capitals, pediments, bas-reliefs, niches with statues. The building of the basilica is single-nave with attached chapels and a semicircular apse. The building is crowned with an elegant large dome.<\/p>\n

The interior of the church is quite modest and monumental. In the main hall, which is framed by an arched arcade, there are carved benches for paris<\/a>hioners. The vault of the apse is decorated with bas-reliefs depicting scenes of the life and death of the apostles Peter and Paul. Noteworthy is the main altar, which is a marble pedestal with gilded sculptures. In the center is a picturesque panel “Giving the keys to St. Peter.” In the chapels you can see many paintings and sculptures created according to all the canons of the Roman Catholic Church.<\/p>\n

Basilica of the Holy Trinity<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Not far from the Market Square rises an example of Gothic architecture – the Basilica of the Holy Trinity. The temple was erected in the middle of the 13th century under the leadership of the Catholic missionary Jacek Odrowonzh. The church is a stronghold of tonsured monks who devote their lives to serving God. The basilica consists of three naves. They have ten chapels. The brick facade of the building is decorated with lancet windows with ornate lattices. The temple is crowned with a large stepped pediment with Gothic turrets. The entrance to the basilica leads through the annex. It is decorated with three graceful arches and pediments decorated with bas-reliefs.<\/p>\n

The interior of the church is striking in its richness. Along the main nave are arches on high columns. The walls are painted with colorful floral ornaments, and the ceiling is presented in the form of a cruciform vault. In the halls of the basilica you can see many wooden statues, sculptures, frescoes and beautiful stained glass windows.<\/p>\n

Divine Mercy Sanctuary<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The original religious building is located in the \u0141agiewniki area. This striking piece of modern architecture is called the Divine Mercy Sanctuary. The basilica, built in 2002, does not give the impression of a traditional temple. A building in the form of an elongated ellipse, resembling an ark in shape, rises on a large well-groomed territory. The modern facade of the shrine consists of glazed aluminum panels of different widths. The color of the interior of the temple is saturated with light shades. The walls and columns are made of raw concrete<\/a>. The ceiling is decorated with radially installed beams.<\/p>\n

In front of the church rises an oval tower, the height of which is 77 meters. It has an observation deck with a truncated glass roof. The church is a place of pilgrimage for Catholics from all over the world. The sacred complex includes several chapels and large halls for worship. The main altar is made of a white marble block with a tablecloth on the surface. Nearby is a sculptural statue of a bare bush. Between the branches is placed the picture “Jesus, I trust you.”<\/p>\n

Kosciuszko Mound<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Not far from Old Krakow there is a memorial mound dedicated to the national Polish hero Tadeusz Kosciuszko. This artificial mountain was built in 1823. The hill rises to 34 meters. It consists of soils brought from Polish and American fields where Kosciuszko fought. From the top of the embankment, you can admire the panorama of the city. The mound frames a brick fort built by the Austrians in the middle of the 19th century. The hill was a strategically important object in the defensive system of the fortress. On the territory of the fort, a wax museum is organized and an exhibition of memorabilia associated with Kosciuszko is held.<\/p>\n

cloth rows<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

On the market square there is one of the most beautiful historical buildings – Cloth Rows. One of the busiest trading places in Medieval Europe was once an ordinary heap of small shops, where they traded mainly in cloth and imported fabrics. Another name is Sukiennice, an old building, one of the most visited places located in the historical part of the former residence of the Polish kings.<\/p>\n

After the fire, it was decided to transform this place. It was a personal order of King Boleslav V the Shameful, after gaining the status of a city with management, according to the Magdeburg Law, back in 1257. Later, Jan Matejko worked on its design of the trading area and the building itself. The building was modernized several times until it acquired the appearance as it is known to residents and guests.<\/p>\n

The architecture clearly shows the influence of the Gothic, which by that time was already losing ground to other architectural innovations. Today, this attraction is on the UNESCO World Heritage List<\/a>, whose facade must be preserved in its original form. In the Cloth Rows, tourists are attracted by shops with unique handmade souvenirs<\/a> at quite affordable prices<\/a>.<\/p>\n

sandomierz tower<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The majestic Sandomierz Tower (in Polish Baszta Sandomierska) is one of the buildings of the Wawel Castle. Another name is the Flame Tower, part of the fortification complex on the Wawel Hill near the Vistula River. In addition to the historical building, there are picturesque places where the townspeople come to relax<\/a> on weekends.<\/p>\n

Once the tower was called “New”, while this name has lost its relevance. It once held prisoners from Sandomierz, some of whom were famous historical figures who fought for the independence of Poland. There were riots and popular unrest associated with the murder of a large landowner.<\/p>\n

The first mention of this fortress was recorded in historical chronicles in 1462. In these places, rebels were beheaded, who were accused of killing Andrzej Tezhinsky, an influential Krakow nobleman. Subsequently, a whole fortress complex grew up here, in the 16th – 17th centuries. the tower was supplemented, it was repeatedly re-equipped for different needs. Today Wawel Castle is just an old building. Inspection of the Sandomierz Tower is available to everyone. However, not everyone is ready to overcome 137 steps to look at the surroundings from such a height.<\/p>\n

Ethnographical museum<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The building of the former City Hall, built in 1414, houses one of the richest expositions in Poland. The Ethnographic Museum adjoins the Market Square – this is the historical part. In these places there are many other objects of considerable interest to the guests of the city.<\/p>\n

In 1910 the Society of the Ethnographic Museum was founded. Having received the most valuable exhibits from the treasuries of the National Museum, the founders began to actively replenish the exposition. The following year, the Society expanded and became an institution with the intention of organizing a museum located in the Wawel Castle. At the end of World War II, the collection of relics was moved to the Town Hall building.<\/p>\n

The idea of \u200b\u200borganizing an ethnographic museum arose from city lovers of historical values \u200b\u200bin 1902 – after an exhibition of folk crafts, which the ethnographer Severin Udelo was closely involved in. The Society of Polish Applied Arts supported the initiative. Today the exposition works on a permanent basis, it is one of the most interesting<\/a> collections not only in Poland, but throughout Eastern Europe. The third floor is reserved for temporary thematic exhibitions.<\/p>\n

stained glass museum<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

Here is one of the most interesting<\/a> expositions of glass work. This is a modernist building, designed by the architect Ludwik Wojtychko in 1907. There is also a so-called “living exhibition” where you can learn about the process of making modern stained-glass windows. They are made according to classical technology, there are almost no such places left in Europe.<\/p>\n

In the same place, the Gallery of Modern Glass is presented – the best examples of glass artists faithful to the traditional craft. Once the collection consisted of several samples that were brought to this building from different parts of Poland and neighboring countries<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Today this workshop, opened in 1902, where thousa<\/a>nds of masterpieces on various subjects were produced. The projects of Stanis\u0142aw Wyspianski, Henryk Uzemblo, Jozef Mehoffer and other Polish artists have been implemented here. The workshop functions in our time, only in 2000 it passed into private hands, the building is in municipal ownership.<\/p>\n

Zoo<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The zoo is a great place to relax<\/a> with children<\/a>. Its very location is a reason to get out into nature, since it is a reserved Volsky forest<\/a>. This is the outskirts of the city, a beautiful hilly place on a hill. Around the zoo there are forests and untouched nature – 17 hectares of cultivated land. The Krakow Zoo is often compared to the Vienna Zoo and other European counterparts. It cannot be said that his collection can compete in species composition, but the diversity of fauna representatives is impressive.<\/p>\n

There are animals that are rarely found in other European zoos, such as the red panda, okapi, varieties of birds of prey. A city bus runs to these places, there is a large parking lot (5 euros) for those who travel<\/a> with their own transport. There are few visitors on weekdays, the best time<\/a> to visit the zoo. On weekends there are problems with parking space.<\/p>\n

Basilica of the Body of God<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

The construction of one of the most beautiful temples was started in 1385, where at that time there was a small wooden church. It was built for about 20 years. According to the project, two towers were supposed, as was customary during the Gothic. However, initially the building was crowned with a single spire on the north side. Refinement was made much later – in the XVII century.<\/p>\n

Long-term construction in church practice is not uncommon, since it involves impressive costs that are feasible only for large communities and patrons of the arts. Thus, the Basilica of the Body of Christ underwent changes, adjustments were made by different leaders of the building.<\/p>\n

At the moment, the architectural ensemble of the Basilica demonstrates a mixture of styles, but this eclecticism has benefited. Characteristic features of the Gothic, Baroque and late Renaissance are traced here. Services have been held since 1405, by the personal order of King Vladislav II Jagello, this was the parish of the Lutheran monastic order. Later they moved to the monastery at the church, which remains active to this day.<\/p>\n

Church of St. Andrew<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

One of the three oldest places of worship is St. Andrew's Church. A typical building of the Romanesque era, existing since 1079, is well preserved. It was built not only for worship, first of all it was a defensive structure where the townspeople could hide from the conquerors. Thus, Krakow was able to survive 2 Tatar raids and numerous claims from the troops of neighboring countries.<\/p>\n

The construction of the temple-fortress was carried out by order of the voivode Secek, who served at the court of the local prince Vladislav I Herman. After 19 years, it was already a functioning basilica, built according to all the classical cannes of the Romanesque period. The one and a half meter thick walls were built of dense white limestone, the corners were large stone slabs. The top is crowned with 2 towers and a niche with 3 windows, visually lightening the structure with narrow loopholes for cannons.<\/p>\n

Two towers rise from the side of the street, to which 8-corner domes were added. Two-door arcade windows (biforiums) are typical for buildings of that time. To strengthen the defense capability, the temple fortress was surrounded by a rampart and a moat by order of the Prince of Mazovia. Later it was the women's cloister of the monastery. The library has preserved ancient folios, including Gradual and books from the early Gothic period. After a series of fires, the basilica was restore<\/a>d with donations from the townspeople, retaining the Romanesque style.<\/p>\n

Czartoryski Museum<\/h2>\n

\"35<\/a><\/p>\n

One of the notable art galleries in Poland. This is the largest art collection, which is part of the Krakow National Museum. It all started with the paintings of Princess Isabella Czartoryska, the heirs transformed the collection into a museum collection in 1796.<\/p>\n

An ever-expanding collection of masterpieces was located in Pulawy – in the family palace of authoritative Polish princes, close to the court. For some time, the masterpieces moved from one room to another, until the end of the 19th century, some of the paintings disappeared. Today, the main exposition is located in the building of the Krakow Arsenal, which is better known as the Czartoryski Museum. In 1945, he suffered significant damage due to the theft of paintings by the remnants of the retreating Nazi troops.<\/p>\n

In addition to paintings, it has other treasures – ancient manuscripts, Egypt<\/a>ian artifacts, knightly armor and rare exhibits from Antiquity. The main “pearl” of the collection is the artistic canvas “Lady with an Ermine” by Leonardo da Vinci. The fact of belonging to this author is still disputed by experts, as well as the depicted animal itself. Most likely, this is a domesticated albino furo from the weasel family.<\/p>\n

Church of St. Francis<\/h2>\n

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The 13th-century church is located on Franciscan Street, this is All Saints Square. The opinions of historians are divided as to who initiated the construction of the religious building. However, the rise of spiritual life was traced during the reign of Prince Henry II the Pious (1196-1241) and his son, Grand Duke Henry the Bearded (1165-1238).<\/p>\n

The Church of St. Francis was built from malleable sandstone. The period of the second reconstruction is 1420-1436. The building was expanded and restored after being devastated by the Mongols in 1241. Reconstruction took place during the time of Prince Boleslav V the Shameful. The greatest damage was inflicted by the Swedes – the church almost completely burned down in 1655.<\/p>\n

After the restoration, the building suffered a fire and in 1850 Karol Kremer was engaged in its restoration, later Karol Knaus and Vladislav Ekelsky. Today it is a one-nave church in the Gothic style with Neo-Gothic features. The most interesting are stained-glass windows, especially “God the Father, the Creation of the World” and a picturesque image of Our Lady of the Sorrowful Benefactor (early 16th century).<\/p>\n

Jewish Museum “Galicia”<\/h2>\n

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Its exhibits tell about the culture of Galicia (not Polish) – this is in the Kazimierz quarter. It was opened in memory of the Jews of Galicia before the Holocaust in 2004. The initiators were photo<\/a>journalist Chris Schwartz and professor at the University of Birmingham Jonathan Weber (Britain).<\/p>\n

It receives up to 30,000 visitors a year from different countries. The materials are presented in Polish and in English, in total 5 sections, including testimonies about the Holocaust and Auschwitz. The central exposition is “Traces of Memory”, about the flourishing of Jewish culture in southern Poland. These are exhibits that tell about the way of life of local Jews, photos<\/a> of synagogues, cemeteries, all kinds of architectural monuments.<\/p>\n

Of great interest is a new selection – “Polish Heroes”, scientists, cultural figures, doctors and preachers from different parts of the world. In the premises (pre-war mill) thematic meetings, seminars, conferences and scientific symposiums are held. Thanks to these events, Polish Jews and representatives of this people from other countries get to know their own history and culture better.<\/p>\n

Benedictine abbey<\/h2>\n

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In Tynce, a suburb of Krakow, there is one of the oldest Christian centers in Europe – the Benedictine Abbey. This is a picturesque territory of Belyansko-Tynetsky landscape park. The building is mentioned in documents from 1044. It was built at the behest of the Polish monarch Casimir I, who wanted to strengthen his influence in the region.<\/p>\n

Later, the possessions of the abbey were surrounded by fortifications – walls, shaft, moat and bastions. However, the fortifications did not save the monks from the invasion of the Swedish, Austrian and Czech conquerors. In 1260, the territory of the Benedictine monks was plundered by the Mongol-Tatar raids, after which it remained in desolation for a long period.<\/p>\n

Later, the church acquired the status of the Cathedral, the building was supplemented with an altar and a pulpit made of rare marble. The Italian craftsmen were entrusted with restoration work and re-profiling of some rooms. Today, sightseers have the opportunity to walk through the halls, visit the library of rare folios, examine the frescoes and stained glass windows of the abbey basilica, standing on limestone cliffs near the banks of the Vistula.<\/p>\n

Church on the Rock<\/h2>\n

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Pauline Church on the Skalka (Kosciol na Skalce) is a Catholic “Church on a small stone”. The religious building is also known as the Church of the Holy Archangel Michael and Stanislav. This place has a tragic background – there was once a pagan temple and a religious building on a small hill. Later, in 1079, by decree of King Boleslav II the Bold, Archbishop Stanislav was executed here.<\/p>\n

In the second half of the 15th century, the building belonged to the Pauline community. In the 17th century it was destroyed by the Swedes, later it was restored as the Church of the Holy Archangel Michael and Stanislaus. It was a project of the architect A. Muntser, it was continued by the Italian A. Solari with some adjustments. Later, Jan Rojowski added stucco to the interiors. The well-known architect Julian Nedzelsky completed the transformation of the temple during the consecration of Cardinal Albion by Dunayevsky.<\/p>\n

The events of World War II did not pass by – the silver relics of the 16th century were stolen, the decor and facade were damaged. Later they were restored, the Pauline Church in 2005 acquired the status of a small basilica. Today, there is an old rococo organ that you can listen to during services. And on May 8, an annual walking<\/a> procession from Wawel to Skalka is held in honor of historical events.<\/p>\n

J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski Bridge<\/a><\/h2>\n

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Built for the movement of cars and narrow-gauge transport, Marshal Jozef Pi\u0142sudski Bridge is the oldest in Krakow. It was built in 1925, during the war it was badly damaged. After the Second World War, it was quickly restored when the need to connect the old Krakow and the suburban village became obvious.<\/p>\n

The decision to build a bridge across the Vistula was made after the closure of traffic on the emergency Podgursky bridge, which was not subject to restoration. The new project of a group of engineers headed by A. Pshenitsky was supposed to connect the old Kazimierz and Podg\u00f3rze. The movement of trams and bicycles was established only after the reconstruction, since the bridge was mined by the retreating German troops.<\/p>\n

The initial construction was completed in 1933, metal structures were supplied by a local factory. These expenses cost the city 5 million zlotys, it was sometimes called the “golden bridge”, and a toll was charged. Today it is an excellent observation deck on the old town with a pedestrian zone and slopes to the Krakow embankment.<\/p>\n

House of Jan Matejko<\/h2>\n

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A memorable four-story mansion built in the 16th century is the House of Jan Aloysius Matejko. A great artist was born on Florianska Street in Old Krakow. Here he lived and created his masterpieces. After the death of the famous master of Polish painting, in 1893, a call for the creation of a museum was published in a local newspaper.<\/p>\n

The Jan Matejko Society carefully collected relics that belonged to an old Polish family.<\/p>\n

Some canvases were purchased with donations from relatives and fellow citizens from other expositions. Under the paintings, the painter's bedroom and living room were allocated while the building was being reconstructed for the future museum.<\/p>\n

Today, the exposition includes not only paintings, but also the personal library of the master of Polish painting. Other exhibits from that era are also on display, including an oriental collection of weapons admired by Jan Matejko. There is also a collection of objects of medieval Poland – dishes, outfits and even instruments of torture for the inquisitors. The interiors of the 19th century and the works of little-known artists of that time are also interesting.<\/p>\n

Mound Krak<\/h2>\n

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You can talk about sights for a long time, the purpose of which is debated in the scientific community, including mounds. The mounds of Krak and Wanda are considered the oldest, the mounds of Tadeusz Kosciuszko and Jozef Pilsudski were made much later. In the park near the palace in Lobzov there was Esther's Mound (in honor of Casimir the Great's beloved). According to legend, having learned about the betrayal, the beauty threw herself into the pond from the window. At the moment, the Wawel sports club has settled here.<\/p>\n

The 23-meter-high Kraka mound can be found on the map off the banks of the Vistula, in the same place as the Lasota hill. The mysterious mound was named after Prince Krak, the founder of this city, who allegedly killed a dragon, and the most beautiful girls were sacrificed to him. Steven Spielberg filmed the famous film Schindler's List in this area.<\/p>\n

During the excavations of the barrow, archaeologists discovered artifacts from different times, including silver and bronze items, coins of the 7th-8th centuries. Today, citizens and tourists rest in these picturesque places, climbing to the height of an artificial hill.<\/p>\n

Sights of Krakow on the map<\/h2>\n